Taxes: Understanding the basics

Discover key insights to better understand the Greek tax system. 

Οn submitting tax returns, exemptions and deductions.

Every year taxpayers declare the income they earned the previous year to the tax office in order to be taxed on it. In Greece, the system provides for the imposition of direct taxes, i.e. those calculated on income, capital and real estate, and indirect taxes (VAT, duties and excise taxes). 
 
Filling in tax return forms often proves difficult for many people, who struggle to keep up with any changes in the way taxes are calculated or in how exemptions and deductions apply. For example, in this year's E1 form there were changes in the calculation of imputed income for professionals, with the minimum amount starting from €10,920.00, which increases depending on the years of activity, payroll costs and turnover, and can reach up to €50,000.00. In any case, the IAPR (AADE) publishes an annual guide, which describes in detail the steps to be followed. 

As a taxpayer you should know the following:  

  • Select the year for which you wish to submit a tax return.
  • Confirm your personal information (AMKA national health insurance number, date of birth, marital status, etc.).
  • Fill in forms E2 and E3, if there is an obligation to do so. If you're married, your spouse submits the co-submitted forms with his/her own passwords.
  • Fill in form E1 Relevant messages guide you through the process and let you know if the competent authority needs to check the submitted tax return.
  • You're then informed of the outcome of the clearance.
  • Submit the tax return.
  • Save/print forms E1, E2, E3 and the tax clearance certificate.

 

Note: Taxpayers who submit a tax return for the first time need a Tax Identification Number and access codes to Taxisnet in order to access the IAPR digital portal. 

 

Deductions and exemptions

Taxpayers should focus on the following field codes in order to get tax deductions:

1) First-time taxpayers with income from business activity should fill in the field under code 327-328 of the E1 form so that the tax due in advance is calculated with a  50%  discount. Note that the advance payment is halved for those who declare income of domestic or foreign origin from business activity for the first time.

2) Taxpayers who have reached the age of 70 , as well as those who permanently reside in villages with a population of up to 500 or on islands with a population of less than 3,100 inhabitants, with the exception of tourist destinations, should not forget to fill in the field under code 023-024 in order to be exempted from carrying out payment of expenses by electronic means of payment. 

3) Those who carry out business activity and are insured with e-EFKA (former OGA) should fill in the fields under codes 021-022, in order to calculate the tax reduction for the amount of their income derived from agricultural activity.

4) Professionals who have filled in the fields under codes 045-046 are exempted from the minimum net income or are entitled to a proportional reduction of imputed income if they engage in an activity for a limited period of time under legislative or regulatory arrangements (e.g. school canteens).

5) The fields under codes 047-048 are for those professionals who are entitled to a 50% discount on the minimum imputed income. 

The clearance of the tax return may result in an obligation to pay (debit balance) or the right to a tax refund (credit balance). The tax is paid in eight equal monthly instalments. If you’d rather not handle this on your own, you can hire an accountant, who will fill in and submit your tax return for you for a fee, on time, so that you won’t have to worry about incurring a fine for late submission. 

 


Sources: 

IAPR, REPORT ON DEVELOPMENTS AND CHANGES IN REVENUES FROM TAXATION  

IAPR Instructions, Instructions on filling in tax return forms for natural persons 


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